Total physical response


Total physical response




Total physical response is a language teaching method developed by James Asher, a professor emeritus of psychology at San José State University, It is based on the coordination of language and physical movement, In total physical response, instructors give commands to students in the target language with body movements, and students respond with whole-body actions, so the comprehension approach to language teaching is when listening and responding with actions serves two purposes: It is a means of quickly recognizing meaning in the language being learned, and a means of passively learning the structure of the language itself, so the grammar is not taught explicitly but can be learned from the language input

Is a method of teaching language or vocabulary concepts by using physical movement to react to verbal input. The process mimics the way that infants learn their first language, and it reduces student inhibitions and lowers stress


When to Use? Well, the Total Physical Response may be used to teach many types of vocabulary but works best when teaching vocabulary connected with action, so it is an effective strategy to use with English language learners as well as with native speakers when learning new words



The principles of the total physical response:
  •          Develop understanding of the new language before speaking. Students can remain silent
  •      Moving the body helps language retention
  •          Imperatives are used to direct students
  •          Observing and performing actions are both beneficial
  •          Fixed routines are not helpful
  •          Novelty is fun, so teacher must mix up commands and add new ones
  •          Spoken language should be preferred to the written form
  •          Students will speak when they are ready



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